| Human locomotion, walking and using stairs, is a
relatively complex activity taken for granted by all except the
disabled. Photographic studies show that there is a constant
threat of falls during walking and stair movement, counteracted
only by controlled shifts in body weight and exact placement of
the feet. A general knowledge of the cycle of movement in
walking and on stairs is useful in understanding the causes of
falls, and for developing possible countermeasures. Also, human
body measurements help establish desirable dimensions for stair
treads and risers, ramps, and handrails. Factors such as reaction
times, balance, postural sway, and visual perception can also be
involved in the falling accident.
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